边界层特征量在河南省沙尘天气短期预报中的应用     

贺哲  布亚林  梁钰  乔春贵 《气象与环境科学》2007,30(3):37-40

介绍了利用边界层特征量——摩擦速度和梯度Richardson数制作河南省沙尘天气短期预报的方法.结果表明,该动力学方法更能够从本质上反映沙尘天气产生的机制,定性预报准确率为62.5%.  相似文献   

青藏高原热力异常与华北汛期降水关系的研究   总被引：24，自引：3，他引：24  

赵声蓉  宋正山  纪立人 《大气科学》2003,27(5):881-893

利用1980～1994年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,以及我国336个测站1956～1994年月降水量资料,通过诊断分析和数值实验,研究了夏季高原上热力异常与华北汛期降水的关系.结果表明:华北汛期干旱年,青藏高压及西太平洋副热带高压偏南、偏东,华北汛期降水偏多年则相反;华北汛期旱年时,高原上升、高原东侧邻近地区下沉的垂直环流明显加强,而降水偏多年时,垂直环流减弱,华北地区为上升气流控制;夏季高原为热源和水汽汇区,它们的异常对华北地区降水有很大影响,当热源和水汽汇增强(减弱)时,华北地区降水偏少(偏多).数值试验表明,高原上潜热加热异常引起青藏高压、西太平洋副热带高压、亚洲季风以及欧亚中高纬地区环流的变化,进而影响到华北地区的降水.  相似文献   

A landscape pattern analysis method based on boundaries and nodes: A case study in upper Minjiang River, China     

Qingchun Wen  Xiuzhen Li  Hongshi He  Yuanman Hu  Xin Chen  Yu Chang  Wei Wang  Rencang Bu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):50-59

Traditionally,patch-based analysis at the landscape scale fragmentation has been used in the study of landscape ecology while the study of boundary and node has not been considered as much detail until recently.This study investigated the possibility of applying boundary-and node-based methods in landscape pattern analysis to the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in the southwestern China.Boundary-based and node-based landscape indices were selected to be used in analyzing changes in landscape patterns,and the results were compared with analysis using traditional pattern indices.We compared the responses of patch-area-based,boundary-length-based and node-number-based indices,and concluded that boundary-based and node-based indices are more sensitive to disturbance than patch-based indices with various patterns,and node-based indices are even more sensitive than boundary-based ones.Thus,the results suggest that boundary-based and node-based pattern analysis methods provide helpful supplementary information to traditional patch-based pattern analysis methods.The results about pattern dynamics of landscapes in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River based on boundaries and nodes showed that with human disturbance,the dominance of forest landscape was weakened by other landscape types; thus the landscape pattern of the study area became more homogeneous and the boundary network became more complex.These changes further augmented disturbance interfaces in the landscape and increased the possibilities of further landscape fragmentation.  相似文献   

粤东莲花山地区锡矿矿产类型     

许典葵  钱龙兵  卜安 《江苏地质》2023,47(4):369-374

锡矿是粤东优势矿种之一。在收集分析粤东莲花山地区61个锡矿床（点）成矿特征的基础上,对该地区锡矿床（点）矿产类型进行划分归类,建立了粤东莲花山地区锡矿工业类型,主要有为锡石-硫化物型、锡石-硅酸盐型、锡石-石英脉型、斑岩型4类;对4种不同类型锡矿床所具有的矿物组合进行归纳,并开展各类型代表性矿床综合研究,初步构建了4个类型代表性矿区的成矿模式图,为粤东地区锡矿研究提供了基础资料。  相似文献   

Formation mechanism,experimental method,and property characterization of grain-displacing methane hydrates in marine sediment: A review     

Yong-chao Zhang  Le-le Liu  Gao-wei Hu  Qing-tao Bu  Cheng-feng Li  Zheng-cai Zhang  Jian-ye Sun  Chang-ling Liu 《China Geology》2022,5(2):345-354

Grain-displacing hydrate deposits exist at many marine sites, which constitute an important part of methane hydrate resources worldwide. Attributed to the difficulties in acquiring field data and synthesizing experimental samples, the formation and property characterization of grain-displacing hydrate remains less understood and characterized than the pore-filling hydrate in current literature. This study reviews the formation mechanisms of grain-displacing hydrate from the perspective of geological accumulation and microscale sedimentary property. The experimental methods of synthesizing grain-displacing hydrate in the laboratory and the current knowledge on the property of grain-displacing hydrate sediment are also introduced. Shortcomings in current theories and suggestions for future study are proposed. The work is hoped to provide valuable insights for the research into the hydrate accumulation, geophysics, and hydrate exploitation targeted at the grain-displacing hydrate in the marine sediments.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

近30年西藏地区大气可降水量的时空变化特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

卓嘎  边巴次仁  杨秀海  罗布 《高原气象》2013,32(1):23-30

利用1980-2009年NCEP/NCAR再分析资料以及同期西藏地区34个气象站的月降水量资料,分析了该地区大气可降水量和降水转化率的时空变化特征.结果表明:(1)该地区大气可降水量具有从东南向西北逐渐递减的空间分布特征;近30年大气可降水量呈逐渐减少趋势且年际变率相对较小,还表现出显著的季节差异,即夏季大气可降水量最大、冬季最小;多、少雨年大气可降水量的空间差异不显著,说明西藏地区的空中水汽含量相对稳定,有利于空中水资源的合理开发和利用.(2)降水转化率在那曲中东部和西藏东南部最高、西藏西北部最低;近30年西藏地区降水转化率呈逐渐增加趋势且年际变率较大,其季节变化与大气可降水量的变化规律一致;降水转化率的高低在一定程度上决定了某年为多(少)雨年.(3)西藏地区大气可降水量和实际降水量的空间分布规律接近,但其时间变化趋势与同期降水量增加的趋势正好相反;大气可降水量转化率与实际降水量的变化趋势基本一致,降水转化率的升高(降低)对应着降水量的增多(减少).  相似文献   

“珍珠”（0601）异常急翘路径和内核结构变化的诊断分析及数值研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李勋  李泽椿  赵声蓉  曾智华  王勇 《气象》2010,36(9):1-8

使用FY2卫星TBB资料、NCEP最终分析资料(1°×1°)和中尺度模式WRF,对0601号强台风"珍珠"的"急翘"异常转向路径和内核结构变化进行诊断分析和数值模拟。结果表明:"珍珠"移向变化与环境引导气流和位涡倾向1波分量正异常有关,"急翘"前12小时,环境引导气流向北偏转,位涡倾向1波分量正异常对应着"珍珠"移动方向变化;内核非对称结构发展与环境风垂直切变演变有关,垂直切变使得涡旋倾斜,涡旋倾斜方向出现较强的上升运动,导致"珍珠"内核偏南象限对流活动较强。  相似文献   

Self-similar solution of hot accretion flows with ordered magnetic field and outflow     

De-Fu Bu  Feng Yuan  Fu-Guo Xie 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(1):325-331

Observations and numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations indicate the existence of outflows and ordered large-scale magnetic fields in the inner region of hot accretion flows. In this paper, we present the self-similar solutions for advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) with outflows and ordered magnetic fields. Stimulated by numerical simulations, we assume that the magnetic field has a strong toroidal component and a vertical component in addition to a stochastic component. We obtain the self-similar solutions to the equations describing the magnetized ADAFs, taking into account the dynamical effects of the outflow. We compare the results with the canonical ADAFs and find that the dynamical properties of ADAFs such as radial velocity, angular velocity and temperature can be significantly changed in the presence of ordered magnetic fields and outflows. The stronger the magnetic field is, the lower the temperature of the accretion flow will be and the faster the flow rotates. The relevance to observations is briefly discussed.  相似文献   

石家庄市大气PM1、PM2.5和PM10中重金属元素分布特征及来源的对比研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫丽娜  左昊  张聚全  李振宁  李胜荣 《地学前缘》2019,26(3):263-270

为了解元素(尤其是重金属元素)在不同粒径大气颗粒物中的分布规律、污染特征及来源,于2016年在石家庄市采集PM1、PM2.5和PM10样品。利用等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定了Al、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Sb、Hg、Pb和Cd共13种元素的质量浓度,采用富集因子(EF)法分析各种元素在PM1、PM2.5和PM10中的分布特征,并通过主成分分析法讨论了这些元素的主要来源。富集因子分析显示出Al、Fe、Ti、Mn受人为因素影响较少(EF<10),其他元素则出现显著至极强的人为影响,尤其是Cd元素(EF>103),并发现颗粒物粒径较小时,富集因子较大,即人为因素影响更重。主成分分析表明：PM1中元素有工业冶炼及燃煤活动、机动车燃油排放、生活燃煤3个来源,PM2.5中元素有地壳源、电厂及居民生活燃煤、金属冶炼等工业活动、机动车尾气4个来源,PM10中元素有化石燃料燃烧和地壳源、与机动车相关的道路扬尘及工业尘、垃圾焚烧及机动车排放与磨损、燃煤活动4个来源。  相似文献   

基于模拟-优化模型的山东羊庄盆地地下水可开采量研究     

付晓刚  唐仲华  刘彬涛  蔺林林  卜华  闫佰忠 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2019,49(3):784-796

为了准确量化与优化地下水水源地开采量,在分析山东羊庄盆地水资源分布特点、开发利用现状及存在问题的基础上,以区域经济发展和水资源可持续利用为前提,通过地质、水文地质资料的整理分析,建立起整个盆地地下水流概念模型;采用Visual Modflow模拟软件,并与优化模型软件Ground-Water Management Process(GWM)相耦合,以水源地开采量最大为目标,以水位不低于限定的控制水位为约束条件,评价出盆地最大可开采量为5 730万m^3/a;进而确定出宋屯、后石湾、南庄、魏庄、西石楼、许坡、龙山头、羊庄、东于、段庄以及王杭水源地的优化开采量分别为0.18万、1.40万、2.56万、1.86万、3.80万、1.70万、0.40万、0.40万、0.50万、1.40万和1.50万m^3/d。  相似文献